2018/8/1 · The bubble-free polymer solution was cast on the PTFE supports and dried at room temperature (32 C) to obtain solvent resistant CS-PTFE composite membrane. As the mass ratio of TEOS to CS was varied at different values 0, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.12, the resulting membranes were labeled as M-1, M-2, M-3, M-4 and M-5, respectively.